The Role of Chinese Philosophy in the Education System of China
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53103/cjess.v4i4.252Keywords:
Role, Chinese Philosophy, Education System, ChinaAbstract
The Chinese education system is the product of Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism that formed the bedrock of Chinese culture and norms. Confucianism deals with moral development, obedience, and social organization in the education of China, hence the values of filiality, loyalty and righteousness are cultivated in the curriculum. Teachers govern the classroom and students listen to them as this educational model presupposes respect for the superior authority and cultural heritage from Confucianism principles. Integrating Taoism into education supports students’ well-being as the ancient teachings promote harmony. It emphasizes the processes of learning through activities, ideas and the accomplishment of coupled P. E and arts education. Many concepts of Taoism are tied into the learning processes to engage the students and allow them to discover what intrigues and inspires them as well as adequately develop them. These two strategies are philosophy of Buddhism in the system of education through the practices of mindfulness and ethical principles. It is for this reason mindfulness programs will assist the students in developing concentration, stress management, and be able to display cordiality. Thus, ethical conduct is taught to Buddhist students to behave righteously and be responsible, which also fosters good school climate. Altogether, these philosophies contribute to the practices of educational systems in China that focuses on the moral values and social and personal intelligences. The transformation of such traditional values into circulation and training of a teacher compels the schools to offer a distinct education model that is geared towards the production of cultured, academically excellent and moral people. Thus, it makes Chinese education unique and maintains the core values of developing the whole man.
Downloads
References
Adler, J. A. (2011). Confucianism in China today. Recuperado de http://www2. kenyon. edu/Depts/Religion/Fac/Adler/Writings/Confucianism, 20, 1-12.
Aitken, D. T. (2016). Experience and morality: Buddhist ethics as moral phenomenology (Doctoral dissertation, University of Tasmania).
Angle, S. C., & Tiwald, J. (2017). Neo-Confucianism: A philosophical introduction. John Wiley & Sons.
Banks, J. A. (2015). Cultural diversity and education: Foundations, curriculum, and teaching. Routledge.
Bohlin, K. (2005). Teaching character education through literature: Awakening the moral imagination in secondary classrooms. Routledge.
Braham, M. (2018). The ecology of education. In New ideas in environmental education (pp. 3-32). Routledge.
Bresciani, U. (2023). Reinventing Confucianism: New Confucian movement. Passerino Editore.
Bush, M. (2013). Mindfulness in higher education. In Mindfulness (pp. 183-197). Routledge.
Canda, E. R. (2013). Filial piety and care for elders: A contested Confucian virtue reexamined. Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Diversity in Social Work, 22(3-4), 213-234.
Choo, S. S. (2020). Examining models of twenty-first century education through the lens of Confucian cosmopolitanism. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 40(1), 20-34.
Chu, E. L. (2019). Exploring curriculum as an experience of consciousness transformation. Palgrave Macmillan.
Chu, Z. (2022). People-Oriented education transformation. Springer Singapore Pte. Limited.
Cleary, T. (2000). Taoist meditation: Methods for cultivating a healthy mind and body. Shambhala Publications.
Damon, W. (Ed.). (2013). Bringing in a new era in character education (No. 508). Hoover Press. Chicago Press.
Dong, Y. (2015). Critical thinking education with Chinese characteristics. In The Palgrave handbook of critical thinking in higher education (pp. 351-368). New York: Palgrave Macmillan US.
Edwards, A. (2015). The heart of sustainability: Restoring ecological balance from the inside out. New Society Publishers.
Elman, B. A. (2013). Civil examinations and meritocracy in late imperial China. Harvard University Press.
Fan, R. (2006). Confucian filial piety and long term care for aged parents. HEC F., 18, 1.
Fengyan, W. (2004). Confucian thinking in traditional moral education: Key ideas and fundamental features. Journal of Moral Education, 33(4), 429-447.
Gardner, H. (2021). Disciplined mind: What all students should understand. Simon & Schuster.
Graham, A. C. (1983). Taoist spontaneity and the dichotomy of ‘is’ and ‘ought’. experimental essays on Chuang-tzu, 3-23.
Han, F. (2022). Gaokao students’ subjective well-being and their pursuit of higher education (Doctoral dissertation, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Hong Kong).
Hansen, D. (2017). The teacher and the world: A study of cosmopolitanism as education. Routledge.
Hart, R. A. (2013). Children's participation: The theory and practice of involving young citizens in community development and environmental care. Routledge.
Hayhoe, R. (2017). The evolution of modern Chinese educational institutions. In Contemporary Chinese education (pp. 26-234). Routledge.
Hays, K. (1994). Practicing virtues. Moral Traditions at Quaker and Military.
Hui, W., & Karl, R. E. (1998). Contemporary Chinese thought and the question of modernity. Social Text, (55), 9-44.
Hung, C. Y. (2015). Tradition meets pluralism: The receding Confucian values in the Taiwanese citizenship curriculum. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 35(2), 176-190.
Jiang, Y. (2013). Reflection, change, and reconstruction in the context of educational reform and innovation in China: Towards an integrated framework centred on reflective teaching practice for EFL teachers’ professional development. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
Kaur, S. (2015). Moral values in education. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 20(3), 21-26.
Kessler, R. (2000). The soul of education: Helping students find connection, compassion, and character at school. AscD.
Lee, T. H. (2019). Education in traditional China. In The Routledge Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Culture (pp. 238-253). Routledge.
Lein, H. (2004). Common principles among flow, Taoism, fifth discipline, and emergent properties (master’s thesis, State University of New York Empire State College).
Lewis, C. J. (2020). Confucian ritual and moral education. Rowman & Littlefield.
Lickona, T. (2004). Character matters: How to help our children develop good judgment, integrity, and other essential virtues. Simon and Schuster.
Littlejohn, R. L. (2010). Confucianism: an introduction. Bloomsbury Publishing.
Ma, Y. (2018). Becoming a teacher does not come that easily: Aristotle, Confucius and education (Doctoral dissertation, University of British Columbia).
Masinter, M. L. (2018). Habitats of mind: Dhamma, the world, and mindful activism.
McEwan, H. (2016). A Comparison of Pedagogies in Confucian and Western Thought. Chinese Philosophy on Teaching and Learning: Xueji in the Twenty-First Century, 61.
Miller, J. P. (2022). Taoism, teaching, and learning: A nature-based approach to education. University of Toronto Press.
Mou, B. (2009). Chinese philosophy AZ. Edinburgh University Press.
Mukabane, N. (2016). The need to introduce Philosophy for children at the basic level of education in Kenya. Thesis. Nairobi: Kenyatta University, 162, 206-223.
Nadeau, R. L. (2014). Asian religions: A cultural perspective. John Wiley & Sons.
Nakambale, E. N. (2018). A philosophical analysis of Continuing Professional Development of teachers in Namibian schools (Doctoral dissertation, Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University).
Nordström, S. (2020). Positive Psychology in Education.
Okafor, M. U. (2022). Confucius Educational Philosophy and Implication for Contemporary Nigerian University Students. Journal of Chinese & African Studies (JOCAS), 3(1).
Orts, E. W. (2001). The rule of law in China. Vand. J. Transnatl. L., 34, 43.
Osler, A. (2016). Human rights and schooling: An ethical framework for teaching for social justice. Teachers College Press.
Pratt, J. (2019). Time and Space Within Daoism's Holistic Worldview. Available at SSRN 3406672.
Puri, R. K. (2021). Meditation over Medication. AuthorHouse.
Rozman, G. (1991). Comparisons of modern Confucian values in China and Japan. The East Asian region: Confucian heritage and its modern adaptation, 157-203.
Ryan, J. (2019). Education in China: Philosophy, politics and culture. John Wiley & Sons.
Seitz, D. D. (2009). Integrating contemplative and student-centered education: A synergistic approach to deep learning. University of Massachusetts Boston.
Sheffield, E. C. (2003). Service-learning education: A philosophical clarification. University of Florida.
Shenghong, J., & Dan, J. W. (2004). The contemporary development of philosophy of education in mainland China and Taiwan. Comparative Education, 40(4), 571-581.
Siemens, G. (2013). Learning analytics: The emergence of a discipline. American Behavioral Scientist, 57(10), 1380-1400.
Simpson, D. (2017). From me to we: Revolutionising Mindfulness in Schools. Contemporary Buddhism, 18(1), 47-71.
Sjøstedt, G. (2015). Cultivating Confucian Virtues Through Buddhist Meditation: The «Meditation Essentials» in Yuán Huáng's Program of Self-Cultivation (Master's thesis).
Slavin, R. E. (1996). Research on cooperative learning and achievement: What we know, what we need to know. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 21(1), 43-69.
Song, Y. (2018). An Investigation of the Relationships between Thinking Style, Participation in Classroom Dialogue and Learning Outcomes–A Study based in Mainland China (Doctoral dissertation).
Tan, C. (2020). The learning school through a Daoist lens. Oxford Review of Education, 46(3), 393-407.
Tomoyasu, S. L. (1972). T'ai Chi Ch'uan and Modern Education. University of Hawai'i at Manoa.
Wang, C. (2022). Right, righteousness, and act: why should Confucian activists be regarded as citizens in the revival of Confucian education in contemporary China? Citizenship Studies, 26(2), 146-166.
Wang, H. (2021). Contemporary Daoism, organic relationality, and curriculum of integrative creativity. IAP
Wang, Z. (2005). Changing social values and democratization in East Asia: The self-expression phenomenon and citizen politics in China and five Confucian societies, 1981-2001 (Doctoral dissertation, University of Michigan).
Weare, K. (2013). Developing mindfulness with children and young people: a review of the evidence and policy context. Journal of Children's Services, 8(2), 141-153.
Wei, L. (2013). Taoist Tai Chi™: Patterns of practice and perceptions of its effects on the health and well-being of Western Australian practitioners. Murdoch University.
Wen, H. (2022). The science of learning: Principles of educational thinking based on the teaching practice. Springer Nature.
Wong, O. K. (2017). Distilling Chinese education into 8 concepts. Rowman & Littlefield.
Wu, S. W., & Lee, J. C. K. (2021). Influence of Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism on Chinese life and moral education. In Life and moral education in greater China (pp. 218-234). Routledge.
Xu, Y., & Qian, J. (2023). Examining the risk-safety paradox in outdoor education from a Taoist perspective: a case study of a Chinese outdoor education experience. Sport, Education and Society, 1-17.
Yang, R. (2011). Self and the other in the Confucian cultural context: Implications of China’s higher education development for comparative studies. International Review of Education, 57, 337-355.
Yen, H. C. (2015). Human nature and learning in ancient China. Education as cultivation in Chinese culture, 19-43.
Yim Alperson PhD, S. (2008). Transformations with Tai Chi: The Experience of Community-Dwelling Tai Chi Practitioners.
Yu, T. (2008). The revival of Confucianism in Chinese schools: A historical-political review. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 28(2), 113-129.
Yuan, L., Chia, R., & Gosling, J. (2023). Confucian virtue ethics and ethical leadership in modern China. Journal of Business Ethics, 182(1), 119-133.
Yuen, M. Y. M. (2014). Toward an ethic of solidarity and reciprocity with the marginalized: Catholic and Confucian social ethics in dialogue. Graduate Theological Union.
Zhao, K. (2020). Educating for wholeness, but beyond competences: Challenges to key-competences-based education in China. ECNU Review of Education, 3(3), 470-487.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Mir Ruhal, Qu Linxin, Abdul Basit Khan, Tanveer Ahmad, Lin Fang
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
All articles published by CJESS are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. This license permits third parties to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon the original work provided that the original work and source is appropriately cited.